Tabriz University of Medical Sciences Medical Journal of Tabriz University of Medical Sciences 2783-2031 43 5 2021 12 01 Laparoscopic repair of retro-caval ureter: report of two cases 477 481 10.34172/mj.2021.073 EN Alireza Farshi https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1456-6155 Denial Jafarlou Journal Article 10.34172/mj.2021.073 2020 12 09 2021 02 06 Retrocaval ureter is a rare congenital disorder and surgery is necessary when the patient is symptomatic or having significant functional obstructions. The two cases referred to our center with severe hydronephrosis on their right sides. In both cases further evaluation with CT scan showed the diagnosis of retrocaval ureter. The retrocaval segment of the both ureters were isolated and after the excision of the narrow segments, end to end anastomosis have been done with transperitoneal laparoscopic technique. The laparoscopic ureteroureterostomy is a safe, effective and minimally invasive procedure and should be considered as a standard treatment for retrocaval ureter.