Tabriz University of Medical Sciences Medical Journal of Tabriz University of Medical Sciences 2783-2031 47 1 2025 04 15 Delirious catatonia in a patient with acute psychosis in relation to chronic hydrocephaly: A case study 108 114 10.34172/mj.025.33405 EN Vahid Shahriari https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1728-6861 Sadaf Latifi https://orcid.org/0009-0001-8609-046X Journal Article 10.34172/mj.025.33405 2023 09 04 2023 12 02 Background. Catatonia is a heterogeneous neuropsychiatric syndrome that includes motor and behavioral symptoms. Delirium is an acute brain disorder caused by diseases and medical conditions or toxic substances. The relationship between catatonia and delirium has clinical significance, and may create therapeutic complexity. Therefore, this study aimed to report delirium catatonia in a young man with chronic hydrocephalus. Case Presentation. The patient is a 36-year-old man with no history of psychosis, whose symptoms started acutely the day before the visit without any particular stressor. The patient's symptoms included agitation, restlessness, and mild imbalance in walking as well as talking to himself, irrelevant answers to questions and persecutory delusions. Conclusion. In sum, delirium and catatonia may have occurred simultaneously. Practical Implications. An injection of benzodiazepine at the beginning of the formation of catatonia symptoms and before its full establishment and progress may lead to a dramatic treatment response and improve all catatonia symptoms.