Tabriz University of Medical Sciences Medical Journal of Tabriz University of Medical Sciences 2783-2031 47 3 2025 08 19 Relationship of alpha peak frequency of different brain regions with attention and inhibition of auditory and visual responses 261 273 10.34172/mj.025.33828 EN Sevda Abbasi https://orcid.org/0009-0007-0986-0399 Soomaayeh Heysieattalab https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8325-4476 Zeynab Barzegar https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7834-2412 Hojat Ghimatgar https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2342-3068 Mohammad Ali Nazari https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0340-994X Journal Article 10.34172/mj.025.33828 2023 11 29 2024 02 26 Background. The alpha band has been extensively studied in relation to cognitive functions such as attention and inhibition, with alpha peak frequency considered a potential biomarker for these processes. However, more research is needed to better understand these associations. Methods. In this study, electroencephalography (EEG) data from a non-clinical sample of 632 elementary school children aged 6 to 11 years (251 girls and 381 boys) with a mean (±SD) age of 7.07 ± 1.499 years were recorded using 19 electrodes. The alpha peak frequency in open- and closed-eye conditions was calculated using fast Fourier transform. Attention and response inhibition were assessed through an integrated auditory and visual attention test. Results. Results revealed a significant positive correlation between alpha peak frequency and both auditory and visual attention in both open- and closed-eye conditions. Additionally, a negative correlation was observed between alpha frequency peak and reaction time in auditory and visual aspects. The shorter the reaction time, the faster the cognitive processing. However, the correlation with response inhibition was weaker. Conclusion. These findings confirm the key role of alpha peak frequency in attention and cognitive processing speed. The importance of brain activity recording conditions (eyes open and closed) and auditory and visual modalities was also confirmed in this research. Practical Implications. Alpha peak frequency can serve as a biomarker for assessing cognitive functions and offers valuable insights into brain activity during tasks with different sensory stimuli.